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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

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Published on: April 7, 2017

Runx2 expression: A mesenchymal stem marker for cancer.

Maria Teresa Valenti¹, Paola Serafini¹, Giulio Innamorati²

¹Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine D, University of Verona, I-37134 Verona, Italy; University Laboratory of Medical Research, University of Verona, I-37134 Verona, Italy.

Oncology Letters

|November 30, 2016

Summary

Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is highly expressed in cancer cells and its related cell-free RNA in blood. Elevated Runx2 levels may serve as a novel cancer biomarker for minimally invasive diagnosis and monitoring.

Keywords:

Runx2 cancer cell-free RNA epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene expression

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Area of Science:

Molecular biology
Cancer research
Biomarker discovery

Background:

Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is crucial for osteogenic differentiation and skeletal integrity.
Runx2 plays roles in cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis, suggesting potential in cancer treatment.
The utility of Runx2 as a cancer biomarker remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate Runx2 expression in non-bone cancer cell lines.
To detect Runx2-related cell-free RNA in the blood of cancer patients.
To evaluate Runx2 as a potential cancer biomarker for diagnosis and follow-up.

Main Methods:

Analysis of Runx2 expression in 11 diverse cancer cell lines.
Detection of Runx2-related cell-free RNA in peripheral blood from 41 cancer patients.
Comparison of Runx2 levels in patients with and without bone metastases versus healthy individuals.

Main Results:

High Runx2 expression was observed in tested cancer cell lines.
Runx2-related cell-free RNA was detected in the blood of cancer patients.
Expression levels were significantly higher in patients with (14.2-fold) and without (4.01-fold) bone metastases compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Runx2 is ectopically expressed in various cancer types.
Circulating Runx2-related cell-free RNA shows promise as a non-invasive cancer biomarker.
This finding supports the potential use of Runx2 for cancer diagnosis and patient monitoring.