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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Elasticity01:12

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Elasticity is the ability of an object to withstand the effects of distortion and to return to its original size and shape once the forces causing deformation are removed. When an elastic material deforms under the action of an external force, it experiences internal resistance to the deformation. However, if no external force is applied, it returns to its original state.
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The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
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Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses01:22

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Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Elasticity in Concrete01:20

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Upon subjecting concrete to moderate or high uniaxial compressive or tensile stresses, the strain response is non-linear relative to the stress applied. As the stress is removed, the resulting stress-strain curve deviates from the original path traced during loading, creating a hysteresis loop, indicative of the concrete's non-linear and non-elastic properties. Typically, a material's modulus of elasticity, which is a measure of the material's stiffness, is inferred from the linear...
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Nonlinear characterization of elasticity using quantitative optical coherence elastography.

Yi Qiu1, Farzana R Zaki1, Namas Chandra2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Biomedical Optics Express
|November 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative optical coherence elastography (qOCE) quantifies nonlinear tissue elasticity. This novel technology accurately measures mechanical properties, differentiating tissues based on their unique, nonlinear elastic behavior.

Keywords:
(170.4500) Optical coherence tomography(170.6935) Tissue characterization(280.4788) Optical sensing and sensors

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Optical coherence elastography (OCE) enables microscopic mechanical characterization of biological tissues.
  • Understanding nonlinear elastic behavior is crucial for accurate tissue property assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlinear elastic behavior of biological tissues using a novel quantitative optical coherence elastography (qOCE) system.
  • To establish a relationship between mechanical stimulus and tissue response for stiffness characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a qOCE system with a fiber-optic probe for controlled force application and deformation.
  • Simultaneous quantification of probe and tissue deformation using space-division multiplexed optical coherence tomography (OCT) signals.
  • Characterization of stress-strain relationships in tissue-mimicking phantoms and biological tissues.

Main Results:

  • The qOCE system successfully quantified probe and tissue deformation, establishing a link between mechanical stimulus and response.
  • Nonlinear stress-strain relationships were observed across a wide range of strains in both phantoms and biological tissues.
  • Quantification of applied force was critical for accurate mechanical property characterization.

Conclusions:

  • The developed qOCE technique accurately characterizes nonlinear elastic behavior in biological tissues.
  • qOCE is capable of differentiating tissues based on their unique, nonlinear elasticity.
  • Accurate force quantification is essential for reliable OCE-based mechanical characterization.