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Alcohol and fatal injuries: temporal patterns.

S M Smith1, R A Goodman, S B Thacker

  • 1Division of Surveillance and Epidemiologic Studies, Centers for Disease Control, Alanta, GA 30333.

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|September 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Alcohol significantly contributes to unintentional and intentional injury deaths. Ethyl alcohol was most frequently detected in weekend and nighttime fatalities, underscoring its role in injury prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic toxicology
  • Injury epidemiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Alcohol use is a known risk factor for motor vehicle crash injuries.
  • The association between alcohol and other injury types remains less defined.
  • Understanding alcohol's role in diverse injury fatalities is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize temporal patterns of ethyl alcohol in various manners of death.
  • To assess the prevalence of alcohol in unintentional injuries, suicides, homicides, and natural/unknown causes.
  • To identify specific times and days associated with alcohol-related fatalities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of 102,401 death investigations by North Carolina medical examiners (1973-1983).
  • Analysis of ethyl alcohol presence in fatalities across different causes of death.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of temporal variations (yearly, seasonal, daily, time of day) in alcohol detection.

    • Main Results:

    • Alcohol was present in a significant percentage of fatalities: 62.8% of homicides, 48.6% of unintentional injuries, 35.3% of suicides, and 14.4% of natural causes.
    • Homicide and suicide victims were more frequently tested for alcohol than unintentional injury or natural cause fatalities.
    • Alcohol was most commonly detected in individuals fatally injured on weekends and between 6 PM and 6 AM.

    Conclusions:

    • Alcohol plays a substantial role in both intentional and unintentional injury fatalities.
    • The prevalence of alcohol-associated deaths showed minimal yearly or seasonal fluctuations.
    • Nighttime and weekend injury incidents demonstrate a higher likelihood of alcohol involvement, highlighting targets for prevention efforts.