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Related Concept Videos

Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
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Toxicokinetics: Overview01:21

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Studies that assess how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) at toxic doses are termed toxicokinetics. Understanding toxicokinetics helps predict adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and manage toxicity in humans.Toxicokinetics differs from pharmacokinetics mainly in the dose levels studied, with toxicokinetics focusing on higher toxic doses. The kinetics at these levels can be non-linear due to altered physiological processes. Toxicodynamics examines the relationship...
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Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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Drug Toxicity: Overview01:00

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Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
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Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

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Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
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Types of Toxins01:36

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Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Applying Cheminformatics to Develop a Structure Searchable Database of Analytical Methods
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CEBS: a comprehensive annotated database of toxicological data.

Isabel A Lea1, Hui Gong2, Anand Paleja2

  • 1ASRCFederal Vistronix, 430 Davis Dr, Suite 260, Morrisville, NC 27569, USA Isabel.lea@nih.gov.

Nucleic Acids Research
|December 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) database offers a vast toxicology resource with over 8,000 studies from the National Toxicology Program (NTP). It provides curated animal data for carcinogenicity, toxicity, and genetic toxicity research.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Environmental Health
  • Data Science

Background:

  • The Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS) database serves as a critical toxicology resource.
  • It consolidates animal study data from the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and other sources.
  • CEBS has been significantly updated and expanded in recent years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the structure and content of the CEBS database.
  • To highlight recent updates and enhanced search functionalities.
  • To provide access to comprehensive toxicology data for researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Data compilation from the National Toxicology Program (NTP) testing program and other depositors.
  • Manual curation, accessioning, and quality assurance of study data.
  • Development of an integrated relational design for data collection and a user-friendly interface for data delivery.

Main Results:

  • CEBS currently contains over 11,000 test articles and 8,000 studies, including NTP carcinogenicity, short-term toxicity, and genetic toxicity studies.
  • The database features a flexible data collection component capable of handling diverse electronic data types.
  • An updated user interface includes nine Guided Search tools for accessing NTP summary data and larger non-NTP datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The CEBS database is a high-quality, comprehensive resource for toxicology research.
  • Recent updates enhance data accessibility and search capabilities for a wide range of toxicological information.
  • CEBS facilitates research by providing a centralized repository of curated animal study data.