Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

9.5K
The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
9.5K
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

5.2K
Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
5.2K
Muscles that Move the Head01:19

Muscles that Move the Head

6.5K
The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
6.5K
Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

3.3K
Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
3.3K
Muscles of the Thorax01:25

Muscles of the Thorax

3.9K
The thorax muscles are central to the body's respiration and provide essential support and movement for the upper body. They are intricately designed to facilitate the complex breathing process while also contributing to the structural integrity and mobility of the chest and upper limbs.
The diaphragm is at the core of thoracic musculature, the primary muscle involved in breathing. This expansive, dome-shaped muscle marks the division between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It...
3.9K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

8.6K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SHOULDER EXTERNAL ROTATOR STRENGTH IN RESPONSE TO VARIOUS SITTING POSTURES: A CONTROLLED LABORATORY STUDY.

International journal of sports physical therapy·2018
Same author

The incidence of low back pain in ncaa division iii female field hockey players.

International journal of sports physical therapy·2012
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

3.9K

CERVICAL CONTRIBUTION TO FUNCTIONAL SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT: TWO CASE REPORTS.

Steven Pheasant1

  • 1Misericordia University, Dallas, PA, USA.

International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy
|December 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Forward head posture can cause rotator cuff weakness leading to subacromial impingement in athletes. Corrective exercises and posture correction rapidly resolved symptoms in two overhead athletes.

Keywords:
Cervical posturefunctional subacromial impingementrotator cuff strength

More Related Videos

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

20.1K
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

44.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

3.9K
Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

20.1K
Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

44.2K

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Subacromial impingement is prevalent in overhead athletes, often linked to rotator cuff dysfunction.
  • The multifactorial nature of impingement frequently involves impaired rotator cuff function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cervical spine as a potential source of rotator cuff weakness in overhead athletes with subacromial impingement.
  • To explore the efficacy of cervical exercises and posture correction in treating functional subacromial impingement.

Main Methods:

  • Case study of two overhead athletes (a quarterback and a swimmer) presenting with subacromial impingement.
  • Examination revealed cervical spine involvement as the source of rotator cuff weakness, despite absence of overt cervical symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Athletes experienced rapid recovery of rotator cuff strength and impingement symptom resolution following cervical retraction exercises and posture correction.
  • Both athletes returned to full sporting activity within one week, with sustained strength and no symptom recurrence.

Conclusions:

  • Forward head posture may contribute to functional subacromial impingement via intermittent C5 nerve root compression, causing supraspinatus and infraspinatus weakness.
  • The cervical spine should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rotator cuff weakness in athletes with subacromial impingement.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between cervical posture and shoulder muscle strength.