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Drawing optical fibers from three-dimensional printers.

John Canning, Md Arafat Hossain, Chunyang Han

    Optics Letters
    |December 2, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Desktop 3D printers can function as micro-furnaces for optical fiber production. This study demonstrates the feasibility of drawing optical fibers from 3D printer extrusion nozzles with low propagation losses.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optical Engineering
    • Additive Manufacturing

    Background:

    • Optical fiber manufacturing typically requires specialized equipment.
    • Desktop 3D printers offer accessible and low-cost manufacturing platforms.
    • Micro-furnace capabilities of 3D printer nozzles are underexplored for material drawing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize temperature distribution in 3D printer extrusion nozzles.
    • To assess the suitability of these nozzles as micro-furnaces for optical fiber production.
    • To demonstrate the direct drawing of optical fibers using 3D printers.

    Main Methods:

    • Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) were used to measure temperature profiles in extrusion nozzles.
    • Coreless optical fibers were drawn from ABS and PETG materials.

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  • Cutback measurements were performed to determine propagation losses.

    • Main Results:

    • Consistent temperature distributions were observed in the 3D printer nozzles.
    • Optical fibers with a diameter of 30 μm were successfully drawn.
    • Propagation losses as low as 0.26 dB/cm were achieved, comparable to standard optical fibers.

    Conclusions:

    • Low-cost desktop 3D printers can be repurposed as micro-furnaces for optical fiber drawing.
    • This technique enables direct manufacturing of optical fibers from various materials.
    • Further optimization could lead to improved optical fiber performance from 3D printed systems.