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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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RNA Structure01:23

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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Do we know whether potential G-quadruplexes actually form in long functional RNA molecules?

Carika Weldon1, Ian C Eperon1, Cyril Dominguez1

  • 1Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, U.K.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|December 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to detect RNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) in long RNA molecules within cells. This breakthrough allows for studying G4 structures in their natural biological context, advancing our understanding of RNA biology.

Keywords:
G-quadruplexRNA biologybiophysical methods

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) G-quadruplexes are known for roles in gene expression and telomere maintenance.
  • Emerging evidence suggests ribonucleic acid (RNA) G-quadruplexes (G4s) may regulate crucial RNA processes like splicing and translation.
  • Identifying RNA G4s in functional, long RNA sequences within a cellular environment remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for detecting RNA G-quadruplexes in long RNA molecules within a cellular context.
  • To overcome limitations of existing in vitro methods that use short, purified RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new method comparing standard RNA with 7-deaza-RNA.
  • Application of the method to identify RNA G4s in long functional RNAs and in a cellular context.

Main Results:

  • The developed method enables the identification of RNA G-quadruplexes in long RNA sequences.
  • This approach allows for the characterization of RNA G4s under more biologically relevant conditions, including cellular environments.

Conclusions:

  • The new method provides a crucial tool for investigating the functional roles of RNA G-quadruplexes in vivo.
  • This advancement opens new avenues for understanding RNA G4s in gene regulation and other cellular processes.