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Decoding Natural Behavior from Neuroethological Embedding

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Published on: October 3, 2025

Neural Elements for Predictive Coding.

Stewart Shipp¹

¹Laboratory of Visual Perceptual Mechanisms, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China; INSERM U1208, Stem Cell and Brain Research InstituteBron, France; Department of Visual Neuroscience, UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondon, UK.

Frontiers in Psychology

|December 6, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Predictive coding theories explain sensory perception by modeling the brain

Keywords:

canonical microcircuit feedback inhibition forward pathway generative model hierarchy interneuron function precision prediction error

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
Cognitive Science

Background:

Predictive coding theories propose the cerebral cortex functions as a Bayesian generative model, predicting sensory input to shape perception.
This hierarchical processing involves backward predictions and forward prediction errors, refining internal representations of the external world.
Illusory perceptions arise when expectations, based on past experiences, unduly influence sensory interpretation.

Conclusions:

A synergistic approach, where theory guides microcircuit investigation and microcircuit knowledge refines theory, is highly productive.
Understanding cortical microcircuitry, including interneuron diversity and individual neuron connectomes, is essential for validating and advancing predictive coding models.
This integrated framework provides a template for future research into sensory processing and perception.