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Updated: Mar 10, 2026

High-throughput Flow Cytometry Cell-based Assay to Detect Antibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor or Dopamine-2 Receptor in Human Serum
Published on: November 23, 2013
NMDA receptor encephalitis and other antibody-mediated disorders of the synapse: The 2016 Cotzias Lecture
1From the Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Jdalmau@clinic.ub.es.
Abstract:
Investigations during the last 10 years have revealed a group of disorders mediated by antibodies against ion channels and synaptic receptors, which cause both neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. In this review, I discuss the process of discovery and immunologic triggers of these disorders, and use anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis to emphasize the importance of understanding the underlying physiopathologic mechanisms in those diseases. A better knowledge of these mechanisms reveals points of convergence with other disorders (e.g., schizophrenia), suggests treatment strategies beyond immunotherapy, and is helping us understand how memories are formed and retrieved.
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