Intestinal Behçet's Disease in the Era of Biologics: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives

Intestinal Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare but potentially life-threatening manifestation of Behçet's syndrome characterized by recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms and typical intestinal ulceration on endoscopic and radiological examinations. Despite advances in understanding intestinal BD, its diagnosis and management remain challenging because of heterogeneous clinical presentations, the absence of validated diagnostic biomarkers, and limited high-quality evidence to guide the optimal use and sequencing of biologic therapies. This review summarizes recent advances in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of intestinal BD, with particular emphasis on emerging therapeutic strategies, precision medicine, and future research priorities aimed at optimizing long-term clinical outcomes.