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Dance and music share gray matter structural correlates.

Falisha J Karpati1, Chiara Giacosa2, Nicholas E V Foster3

  • 1International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 Mont Royal, FAS, Département de psychologie, CP 6128, Succ. Centre Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3605 Rue de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.

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|December 8, 2016
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Expert dancers and musicians show increased cortical thickness in superior temporal regions, highlighting brain plasticity in sensorimotor skill training. These brain areas are crucial for both dance and music abilities.

Keywords:
BrainCortical thicknessDanceMusicSuperior temporal gyrus

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • Intensive sensorimotor skill practice, like music and dance, induces brain structural plasticity.
  • Neural correlates of music training are well-studied, but less is known about dance.
  • Direct comparisons of gray matter structure between dancers and musicians are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare gray matter structure in expert dancers, musicians, and controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between gray matter structure and dance/music task performance.
  • To explore training-associated brain plasticity in sensorimotor skills.

Main Methods:

  • Employed surface- and voxel-based morphometry to assess gray matter structure.
  • Recruited expert dancers, expert musicians, and untrained control groups.
  • Correlated gray matter structure with performance on dance imitation, rhythm synchronization, and melody discrimination tasks.

Main Results:

  • Both dancers and musicians exhibited increased cortical thickness in superior temporal regions compared to controls.
  • Gray matter structure in the superior temporal gyrus correlated with performance across dance and music tasks.
  • Findings suggest shared neural substrates for dance and music skills.

Conclusions:

  • Superior temporal regions are vital for both dance and music-related skills.
  • Intensive training in dance and music may similarly impact these superior temporal regions.
  • This study advances understanding of dance's neural basis and training-induced brain plasticity.