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Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
Published on: January 10, 2013
Fiona Stewart1, Luis F Gameiro2, Regina El Dib3
1Academic Urology Unit, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK, AB25 2ZD.
Electrical stimulation (ES) shows promise for overactive bladder (OAB) management, outperforming placebo, drug treatments, and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). However, low-quality evidence necessitates further research to confirm benefits and safety.
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