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Reversal of hypoxia-induced decrease in human cardiac response to isoproterenol infusion.

J P Richalet1, J L Le-Trong, C Rathat

  • 1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U138 et U296, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
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Exposure to high altitude temporarily reduces the heart's ability to increase heart rate (cardiac chronotropic function). This effect reverses over time after returning to sea level, suggesting both oxygen-dependent and receptor-related mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Altitude Medicine
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Previous studies noted reduced heart rate response to isoproterenol after acute or chronic high-altitude exposure.
  • The cardiac response to subacute (8-day) hypoxia and its recovery were not well-characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess cardiac chronotropic response to isoproterenol after 8 days of altitude exposure.
  • To investigate the reversibility of this response upon return to normoxia.
  • To explore potential underlying mechanisms for observed changes.

Main Methods:

  • Six subjects underwent isoproterenol infusion under various conditions: normoxia, 8 days at 4,350m, altitude with restored normoxia, and 6-11 hours/4-5 months after returning to sea level.
  • Cardiac chronotropic response was measured by the increase in heart rate (delta HR) from baseline.

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Main Results:

  • Heart rate response to isoproterenol was significantly lower after 8 days at altitude (H8) compared to normoxia (N).
  • Response improved but remained significantly lower than normoxia even with restored normoxia (HO) or shortly after return (RN).
  • Full recovery to baseline normoxic levels was observed after 4-5 months at sea level (ND).

Conclusions:

  • Hypoxia induces a decrease in cardiac chronotropic function.
  • The findings suggest two potential mechanisms: a rapid, oxygen-dependent effect and a slower, likely beta-receptor downregulation process.
  • Recovery of cardiac function is time-dependent after cessation of hypoxic exposure.