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Improving Pediatric Asthma Outcomes in a Community Emergency Department
Theresa A Walls1, Naomi T Hughes2, Paul C Mullan3
1Children's National Health Systems, Washington, District of Columbia; twalls@childrensnational.org.
Insights
Implementing an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community emergency department (ED) significantly improved care. This partnership reduced the need for patient transfers and decreased time to steroid administration for children with asthma.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Quality Improvement Initiatives
- Asthma Management
Background:
- Asthma affects over 775,000 children annually, with 80% of emergency department visits occurring in community settings.
- Community emergency departments (EDs) often manage pediatric asthma cases, highlighting the need for optimized care protocols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of a collaborative quality improvement initiative on pediatric asthma care within a community ED.
- To measure the effectiveness of implementing an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community ED setting.
Main Methods:
- A quality improvement initiative was conducted, implementing an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community ED.
- Patient data were reviewed for 12 months pre- and 19 months post-guideline implementation, including demographics and treatment processes.
- Key metrics included asthma score documentation, steroid administration rates and timing, and patient transfer rates.
Main Results:
- Following guideline implementation, 64% of pediatric asthma patients received an asthma score, and steroid administration increased from 60% to 76%.
- Mean time to steroid administration decreased significantly from 196 to 105 minutes.
- The rate of patient transfers for additional care decreased from 14% to 10% after guideline implementation.
Conclusions:
- Partnership between a pediatric tertiary care center and a community ED is feasible and effectively enhances pediatric asthma care.
- The implementation of evidence-based guidelines in community EDs can lead to improved clinical processes and patient outcomes for pediatric asthma.
Background:
Asthma triggers >775 000 emergency department (ED) visits for children each year. Approximately 80% of these visits occur in community EDs. We performed this study to measure effects of partnership with a community ED on pediatric asthma care.
Methods:
For this quality improvement initiative, we implemented an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community ED. We included patients whose clinical impression in the medical decision section of the electronic health record contained the words asthma, bronchospasm, or wheezing. We reviewed charts of included patients 12 months before guideline implementation (August 2012-July 2013) and 19 months after guideline implementation (August 2013-February 2015). Process measures included the proportion of children who had an asthma score recorded, the proportion who received steroids, and time to steroid administration. The outcome measure was the proportion of children who needed transfer for additional care.
Results:
In total, 724 patients were included, 289 during the baseline period and 435 after guideline implementation. Overall, 64% of patients were assigned an asthma score after guideline implementation. During the baseline period, 60% of patients received steroids during their ED visit, compared with 76% after guideline implementation (odds ratio 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-3.0). After guideline implementation, the mean time to steroids decreased significantly, from 196 to 105 minutes (P < .001). Significantly fewer patients needed transfer after guideline implementation (10% compared with 14% during the baseline period) (odds ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.99).
Conclusions:
Our study shows that partnership between a pediatric tertiary care center and a community ED is feasible and can improve pediatric asthma care.
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