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Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Therapeutic interventions in severe asthma.

Giorgio Walter Canonica1, Gianenrico Senna2, Patrick D Mitchell3

  • 1Allergy & Respiratory Disease Clinic, DIMI Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy.

The World Allergy Organization Journal
|December 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Severe asthma, though rare, causes significant costs. Precision medicine offers tailored treatments like biologics targeting specific inflammatory pathways, improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.

Keywords:
Biological therapeuticsEosinophilsPhenotypesSevere asthma

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology and Immunology
  • Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Background:

  • Severe asthma affects a small percentage of patients but incurs disproportionately high healthcare costs.
  • Understanding asthma endotypes based on inflammatory patterns is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Approach:

  • Review of current and emerging biologic treatments for severe asthma, including anti-IgE, anti-IL-5, and anti-IL-5 receptor therapies.
  • Evaluation of Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT), particularly Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets, as a precision medicine approach for allergic asthma.

Key Points:

  • Omalizumab (anti-IgE) has been a key biologic, reducing exacerbations and oral glucocorticoid use.
  • Anti-IL-5 therapies (mepolizumab, reslizumab) and anti-IL-5 receptor therapy (benralizumab) are effective for "Th2-high asthma."
  • Other cytokine-targeting monoclonal antibodies and AIT show promise, necessitating biomarker identification for treatment selection.

Conclusions:

  • Precision medicine is revolutionizing severe asthma treatment by enabling targeted therapies based on endotypes.
  • Biomarker discovery is essential to optimize the use and cost-effectiveness of advanced severe asthma treatments.