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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.9K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.6K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.6K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.6K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.6K
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

3.3K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
3.3K

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Robust spin-orbit torque and spin-galvanic effect at the Fe/GaAs (001) interface at room temperature.

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  • 1Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.

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Single crystalline Fe/GaAs interfaces exhibit robust interfacial spin-orbit torques (SOTs) at room temperature. This finding suggests potential for efficient electrical manipulation of magnetization in spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Interfacial spin-orbit torques (SOTs) are crucial for manipulating magnetization using charge currents in spintronic applications.
  • Current research primarily focuses on polycrystalline ferromagnetic/non-magnetic metal bilayers for efficient SOT generation via the spin Hall effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and efficiency of SOTs at single crystalline Fe/GaAs (001) interfaces.
  • To explore the potential of these interfaces for spintronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental observation of SOTs at the Fe/GaAs (001) interface.
  • Characterization of interfacial properties and spin-orbit interactions.

Main Results:

  • Robust interfacial SOTs were observed at the single crystalline Fe/GaAs (001) interface at room temperature.
  • The SOT magnitude is comparable to that in conventional polycrystalline systems.
  • Significant spin-orbit fields at the interface facilitate spin-to-charge current conversion (spin-galvanic effect).

Conclusions:

  • Single crystalline Fe/GaAs interfaces demonstrate efficient interfacial SOTs.
  • These interfaces offer a promising platform for advanced spintronic devices requiring electrical magnetization control.