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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Decision Making01:20

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Doubt and the decision-making process in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Gerald Nestadt1, Vidyulata Kamath1, Brion S Maher2

  • 1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Medical Hypotheses
|December 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may stem from impaired decision-making. This study suggests reduced confidence in processing information for decisions contributes to OCD vulnerability.

Keywords:
Decision-makingDoubtOCD/obsessive-compulsive disorderUncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) diagnosis relies on symptoms and their impact.
  • Symptoms may arise from neurocognitive vulnerabilities with neurophysiological underpinnings.
  • Doubt, uncertainty, and lack of confidence are prominent in OCD presentations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the cognitive basis of doubt and uncertainty in OCD.
  • To propose a neurocognitive model where OCD emerges from decision-making perturbations.
  • To investigate the role of diminished confidence in information assimilation for decision-making in OCD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of OCD patients.
  • Theoretical framework integrating decision-making neuroscience with OCD symptomatology.
  • Hypothesis formulation based on recent advances in decision-making neuroscience.

Main Results:

  • OCD may be linked to a fundamental issue in the decision-making process.
  • A hypothesis is proposed suggesting that OCD involves diminished confidence in processing information to reach decisions.
  • This framework offers a new perspective on the neurocognitive vulnerability in OCD.

Conclusions:

  • Perturbations in decision-making processes are a potential origin for OCD.
  • Diminished confidence in information assimilation for decisions is a key hypothesized factor.
  • Neuroscience of decision-making offers insights into OCD vulnerability.