Humanized Mouse Models of Clinical Disease.

Area of Science:

• * Preclinical research and development
• * Immunology and infectious disease
• * Cancer research and treatment

Background:

• * Humanized mice are immunodeficient mice engrafted with human cells and tissues.
• * Development of IL2 receptor common gamma chain (IL2rg^null) immunodeficient mice enabled engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells.
• * These mice support the development of functional human immune systems and can be engrafted with various human tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review recent advancements in the development and application of humanized mice.
• * To highlight the utility of humanized mice in studying diverse human diseases.
• * To underscore the potential of humanized mice in advancing personalized medicine.

Main Methods:

• * Engraftment of immunodeficient mice with human hematopoietic stem cells.
• * Engraftment with human tissues, including islets, liver, skin, and cancers.
• * Utilization of IL2rg^null mouse models.

Main Results:

• * Humanized mice enable the study of human immune system development and function.
• * Significant progress has been made in understanding human infectious diseases and cancers.
• * Applications extend to regenerative medicine, graft-versus-host disease, allergies, and immunity.

Conclusions:

• * Humanized mice are indispensable preclinical models for human disease research.
• * Continued development and application of humanized mice are crucial for medical advancements.
• * These models hold promise for the future implementation of personalized medicine.