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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

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Overview
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Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

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The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Phases of Wound Repair01:28

Phases of Wound Repair

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Following injury, the integrity of the injured tissues must be reestablished. For example, in skin tissue, wound repair involves coordination among resident skin cells, blood mononuclear cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines to complete the healing cascade.
Formation of Blood Clot
In case of deep injuries, trauma to blood vessels results in blood loss. In the meantime, phospholipids released from the ruptured endothelial cellular membrane are converted into arachidonic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Related Experiment Video

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Protocol to Create Chronic Wounds in Diabetic Mice
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Inflammation in Chronic Wounds.

Ruilong Zhao1, Helena Liang2, Elizabeth Clarke3

  • 1Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia. rzha9073@uni.sydney.edu.au.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic wounds cause significant burdens due to prolonged inflammation disrupting healing. Understanding factors like aging and bacterial colonization is key to developing new treatments beyond basic wound care.

Keywords:
ageingarterial ulcerbacterial colonisationchronic wounddiabetic ulcerhypoxiainflammationischaemia-reperfusionpressure ulcervenous ulcer

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Area of Science:

  • Wound healing research
  • Inflammation biology
  • Chronic wound pathophysiology

Background:

  • Non-healing chronic wounds impose substantial biological, psychological, social, and financial burdens.
  • Pathologically extensive inflammation is a primary factor disrupting the normal wound healing cascade.
  • Common components in chronic wounds, including aging, hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and bacterial colonization, contribute to aberrant inflammatory responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the causes of chronic wounds (venous, arterial, pressure, and diabetic ulcers).
  • To contrast normal healing processes with the dysregulated inflammatory response in chronic wounds.
  • To highlight the role of common chronic wound components in disrupting healing.

Main Methods:

  • Review and juxtaposition of normal wound healing mechanisms.
  • Analysis of inflammatory responses driven by factors such as aging, hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion, and bacterial colonization.
  • Examination of current basic wound care modalities (debridement, dressings, antibiotics).

Main Results:

  • Extensive inflammation significantly disrupts the physiological healing cascade in chronic wounds.
  • Factors like aging, hypoxia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and bacterial colonization promote a pro-inflammatory environment.
  • Current treatments focus on wound bed management, with pharmaceutical adjuncts representing an area for further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of non-healing wounds.
  • Understanding the interplay between wound chronicity factors and inflammation is crucial.
  • Further research into pharmaceutical interventions holds promise for improving chronic wound management.