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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
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Narcolepsy01:07

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Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

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REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
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Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

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Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
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Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

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Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Central sleep apnea in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.

Michael Lin1,2, Arun V Krishnan1,2, Danny J Eckert3,4

  • 1Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), PO Box 1165, Randwick, Sydney, 2031, NSW, Australia.

Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
|December 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found central sleep apnea in a significant portion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, alongside common issues of daytime sleepiness and poor sleep quality. Home sleep testing proved effective for identifying these sleep-disordered breathing issues in MS.

Keywords:
Control of breathingObstructive sleep apneaSleep qualitySleep-disordered breathingSleepiness

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Sleep disturbances, including sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and excessive daytime sleepiness, are frequently reported in MS patients.
  • The specific prevalence and characteristics of SDB in a clinical MS cohort require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in a consecutive clinical cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
  • To assess symptoms of sleepiness and evaluate sleep quality in this MS patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 21 community-dwelling adults with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale 2-6) underwent home sleep studies using ResMed ApneaLink Plus.
  • Objective quantification of SDB was performed via home sleep testing.
  • Subjective sleepiness and sleep quality were assessed using validated questionnaires: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Three out of 19 participants who completed testing were diagnosed with central sleep apnea (CSA), with a median apnea-hypopnea index of 15 events/h and median nadir oxygen saturation of 88%.
  • No cases of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were identified.
  • A high prevalence of subjective sleep complaints was reported: 33% experienced excessive daytime sleepiness, and 71% reported poor sleep quality.

Conclusions:

  • Home sleep testing is a well-tolerated and effective method for diagnosing SDB in MS patients.
  • Central sleep apnea appears to be more prevalent than obstructive sleep apnea in this clinical MS sample, potentially linked to MS-related lesions affecting respiratory control.
  • Poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness are common comorbidities in individuals with multiple sclerosis.