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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

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Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
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Analyses of HBV cccDNA Quantification and Modification.

Yuchen Xia1, Daniela Stadler1, Chunkyu Ko1

  • 1Institute of Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) persists in cells, enabling chronic infection. This study details methods for quantifying and modifying HBV cccDNA, crucial for developing effective HBV control strategies.

Keywords:
Covalently closed circular DNADeaminationDifferential DNA denaturation PCRQuantitative PCRQuantitative differential DNA denaturation PCR

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is the transcriptional template for hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication within infected host cell nuclei.
  • HBV cccDNA ensures viral persistence, even when active viral replication is suppressed.
  • Mechanisms like immune responses, cell division, and cytokine-induced degradation can lead to cccDNA loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline and discuss various methodologies for the precise quantification of HBV cccDNA.
  • To describe techniques for the modification of HBV cccDNA.
  • To highlight the importance of cccDNA analysis for advancing HBV control research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and novel techniques for HBV cccDNA quantification.
  • Description of methods for manipulating HBV cccDNA integrity and levels.
  • Comparative analysis of different quantification and modification approaches.

Main Results:

  • The study provides a comprehensive overview of current methods for HBV cccDNA analysis.
  • It emphasizes the critical role of accurate cccDNA quantification in assessing treatment efficacy and viral persistence.
  • The described modification techniques offer potential tools for further research into HBV eradication.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate quantification and understanding of HBV cccDNA are essential for developing strategies to control and potentially eliminate hepatitis B virus.
  • The methods discussed provide a foundation for future research aimed at targeting HBV cccDNA.
  • Further development and validation of these techniques will be crucial for clinical applications in managing chronic HBV infection.