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Related Concept Videos

Veins of Head and Neck01:19

Veins of Head and Neck

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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
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Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

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Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
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Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
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Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

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Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 10, 2026

Training a Sophisticated Microsurgical Technique: Interposition of External Jugular Vein Graft in the Common Carotid Artery in Rats
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Ruptured external jugular varix.

Bogdan A Kindzelski1, Huiting Chen1, Yogendra Kanthi2

  • 1Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Journal of Vascular Surgery. Venous and Lymphatic Disorders
|December 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ruptured external jugular varix, a rare venous malformation, requires surgical repair. Prompt intervention prevents serious complications like thromboembolism and rupture.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 10, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Vascular Malformations

Background:

  • External jugular varix is an uncommon venous dilation.
  • Rupture of this malformation is exceedingly rare.

Observation:

  • A 57-year-old woman presented with a ruptured external jugular varix.
  • The case involved successful surgical repair of the ruptured varix.

Findings:

  • Surgical intervention is crucial for managing external jugular varix.
  • Timely surgical repair addresses risks associated with venous malformations.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of surgical management for rare venous anomalies.
  • Preventing thromboembolism and rupture is a key outcome of surgical repair.