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Mayaro virus: a forest virus primed for a trip to the city?

Ian M Mackay1, Katherine E Arden2

  • 1Department of Health, Public and Environmental Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Archerfield, QLD, Australia; The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.

Microbes and Infection
|December 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Mayaro virus (MAYV) causes Mayaro virus disease (MAYVD), an emerging febrile illness with joint pain. MAYV

Area of Science:

  • Arbovirology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) causing Mayaro virus disease (MAYVD).
  • MAYVD presents as an acute febrile illness with prolonged, painful joint inflammation, often clinically indistinguishable from other arboviral diseases.
  • Current MAYVD cases are concentrated in Central and South America, primarily the Amazon basin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the full spectrum of Mayaro virus disease, including sequelae, transmission routes, and shedding.
  • To assess the risk of Mayaro virus urbanization and potential spread beyond endemic forest regions.
  • To highlight the importance of surveillance, testing, and vector control for Mayaro virus prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on Mayaro virus epidemiology and clinical presentation.
  • Analysis of Mayaro virus transmission cycles (sylvan and potential urban).
  • Assessment of factors influencing vector behavior and habitat.

Main Results:

  • The complete disease spectrum, sequelae, and transmission routes of Mayaro virus remain incompletely understood.
  • Mayaro virus circulates in a sylvan cycle but has been detected in urban settings with anthropophilic vectors.
  • Changes in vector behavior or viral adaptation could facilitate urban establishment and wider spread.

Conclusions:

  • Mayaro virus poses a growing public health concern due to its potential for urban establishment.
  • Enhanced surveillance, diagnostic capabilities, and targeted vector control are crucial for managing and preventing Mayaro virus spread.
  • Proactive measures are necessary to mitigate the risk of Mayaro virus expanding beyond its current geographical and ecological boundaries.
Keywords:
AlphavirusArbovirusArthralgiaEmerging virusMayaro virus (MAYV)Mosquito

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