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Genotypic diversity, circulation patterns and co-detections among rhinoviruses in Queensland, 2001
Katherine E Arden1, Ristan M Greer2, Claire Y T Wang1,3
1Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Access Microbiology
|October 16, 2020
Summary
Rhinoviruses (RVs) are the most common respiratory virus, with diverse species circulating year-round. Most RV infections occur alone, not with other viruses, suggesting a key role in respiratory illness.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Molecular Diagnostics
Background:
- Rhinoviruses (RVs) are frequently detected in symptomatic individuals, often exceeding other viral pathogens.
- Understanding RV diversity and seasonality is crucial for managing respiratory infections.
- Investigating viral co-detections provides insights into pathogen interactions and disease dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the diversity and seasonality of Rhinovirus (RV) species.
- To analyze the involvement of RVs in respiratory virus co-detections.
- To determine the frequency of RVs occurring alone versus with other viruses.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive molecular testing of 1179 airway samples from patients with suspected respiratory infections.
- Analysis of RV detections, including genotyping to identify distinct RV types and species.
- Examination of co-detection patterns with other respiratory viruses.
Main Results:
- Rhinoviruses (RVs) were the most frequently detected virus, with 70 distinct RVs identified across all three species.
- While RV species co-circulated, one species typically dominated, and each exhibited a bimodal seasonal distribution.
- Nearly 80% of RV detections occurred as single infections, with RVs and influenza A viruses (IFAV) seldom co-occurring.
Conclusions:
- Rhinoviruses (RVs) are the predominant cause of acute respiratory illness, with significant diversity and distinct seasonal patterns.
- The low co-occurrence rate of RVs with other viruses, particularly IFAV, highlights their role as primary respiratory pathogens.
- Routine year-round RV testing should be a core component of respiratory illness diagnostic algorithms.
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