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Oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Juan B Cabello1, Amanda Burls2, José I Emparanza3
1Department of Cardiology & CASP Spain, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, Alicante, Spain, 03010.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|December 20, 2016
Summary
Current evidence does not support routine oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). More high-quality trials are needed to determine if oxygen benefits or harms patients with AMI.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Oxygen (O2) is a common treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
- Previous reviews found insufficient evidence regarding oxygen's effects on heart ischemia or infarct size.
- This review updates previous findings due to ongoing research in oxygen therapy for AMI patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effects of routine inhaled oxygen administration in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- Searched multiple databases up to June 2015, with an additional search in September 2016.
- Included RCTs comparing inhaled oxygen to air in suspected or confirmed AMI patients within 24 hours of onset.
Main Results:
- Five RCTs with 1173 participants were included. Pooled data showed no significant effect on all-cause mortality (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.50-1.95).
- Oxygen therapy did not significantly impact pain, as measured by opiate usage (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.78-1.20).
- Evidence on infarct size was inconsistent and of low quality; effects remain unclear.
Conclusions:
- There is a lack of evidence from RCTs to support routine oxygen use in AMI patients.
- The potential for harm cannot be excluded, necessitating further high-quality research.
- Well-conducted RCTs are urgently needed to guide clinical recommendations on oxygen therapy in AMI.
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