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The Most Common Detected Bacteria in Sputum of Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treated In Hospital
1Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases and TB "Podhrastovi", Clinical Center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Introduction:
Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infective pulmonary disease.
Objective:
To show the most common detected bacteria in bacterial culture of sputum in patients with CAP hospitalized in Clinic for Pulmonary Diseases and TB "Podhrastovi" in four-year period: from 2012 to 2015.
Material And Methods:
This is the retrospective analysis. Each patient gave sputum 3 days in a row when admitted to hospital. Sputum has been examined: bacterial culture with antibiotics sensitivity, Gram stain, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; in cases with high temperature blood cultures were done; when we were suspicious about bronchial carcinoma bronchoscopy with BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) was done. We show analyzed patients according to age, sex, whether they had pneumonia or bronchopneumonia, bacteria isolated in sputum and in BAL.
Results:
360 patients with CAP were treated in four-year period (247 males and 113 females). 167 or 43, 39 % had pneumonia (119 males and 48 females). Number of males was significantly bigger (χ2 = 30,186; p<0,001). 193 or 53, 61 % had bronchopneumonia (128 males and 65 females). Number of males was significantly bigger (χ2 = 20,556; p<0,001). Number of patients with negative bacterial culture of sputum (131-78, 44%) was significantly bigger than number of patients with positive culture (36-21, 56%) (χ2 = 50,042; p<0,001) in pneumonia. Number of patients with negative bacterial culture of sputum (154- 79, 79%) was significantly bigger than number of patients with positive culture (39- 20, 21%) (χ2 = 68,523; p<0,001) in bronchopneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae was significantly most common detected bacterium compared with the number of other isolated bacteria; in pneumonia (χ2 =33,222; p<0,001) and in bronchopneumonia (χ2 =51,231; p<0,001).
Conclusion:
It is very important to detect the bacterial cause of CAP to administrate the targeted antibiotic therapy.
Insights
Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common lung infection. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently detected bacterium in sputum cultures from hospitalized CAP patients, highlighting the importance of bacterial identification for targeted antibiotic treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents the most prevalent infectious pulmonary disease globally.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing CAP and preventing complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most common bacteria detected in sputum cultures of patients hospitalized with CAP.
- To analyze bacterial findings over a four-year period (2012-2015) at a specialized pulmonary clinic.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 360 CAP patients.
- Sputum samples analyzed via bacterial culture, antibiotic sensitivity testing, and Gram stain.
- Blood cultures and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) performed when indicated.
Main Results:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently identified bacterium in both pneumonia and bronchopneumonia cases.
- A higher prevalence of males was observed in both pneumonia and bronchopneumonia groups.
- Negative bacterial cultures were more common than positive cultures in both pneumonia and bronchopneumonia.
Conclusions:
- Bacterial identification in CAP is essential for guiding effective, targeted antibiotic therapy.
- Understanding common pathogens aids in optimizing treatment strategies for CAP.
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