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Related Concept Videos

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

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Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Lipid Absorption01:24

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Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

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Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
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Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

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Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
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Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Cholesterol Efflux Assay
07:54

Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

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Cholesterol paradox: a correlate does not a surrogate make.

Robert DuBroff1

  • 1The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.

Evidence-Based Medicine
|December 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The global effort to reduce cholesterol has not curbed heart disease. New evidence suggests the cholesterol hypothesis may be flawed, questioning its role in cardiovascular disease prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • The global strategy to lower cholesterol via diet and medication has not effectively reduced the rising rates of coronary heart disease worldwide.
  • While some attribute this failure to increasing obesity and diabetes, an alternative explanation is the potential inaccuracy of the cholesterol hypothesis itself.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the evidence challenging the cholesterol hypothesis.
  • To examine the implications of recent clinical trial data, such as the ACCELERATE trial, on the validity of targeting cholesterol for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of the ACCELERATE trial results concerning evacetrapib's effect on lipid levels and cardiovascular outcomes.
Keywords:
PUBLIC HEALTH

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Cholesterol Efflux Assay
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Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

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Enrichment of Mammalian Tissues and Xenopus Oocytes with Cholesterol
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Enrichment of Mammalian Tissues and Xenopus Oocytes with Cholesterol

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High-throughput Nitrobenzoxadiazole-labeled Cholesterol Efflux Assay
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  • Perspective piece synthesizing evidence that questions the cholesterol hypothesis.

    • Main Results:

    • The ACCELERATE trial showed no cardiovascular benefit from evacetrapib, despite significant alterations in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
    • This trial adds to a body of evidence that casts doubt on the cholesterol hypothesis and the use of cholesterol as a surrogate endpoint.
    • The focus on cholesterol may have inadvertently contributed to the cardiovascular disease pandemic.

    Conclusions:

    • The cholesterol hypothesis, which links lower cholesterol to reduced cardiovascular disease, faces significant challenges from recent data.
    • The utility of cholesterol levels as a surrogate endpoint for cardiovascular risk is questionable.
    • There is a need to re-evaluate current strategies for preventing coronary heart disease in light of contradictory evidence.