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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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Exuberant mitral annular calcification.

Melissa A Lyle1, David F Snipelisky2, Niti R Aggarwal2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. lyle.melissa@mayo.edu.

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
|December 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exuberant mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a severe form of MAC. This study defines criteria for this extreme condition, highlighting its clinical importance.

Keywords:
ExuberantMitral annular calcification

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a chronic, progressive condition involving calcium deposits on the mitral valve annulus.
  • Currently, no standardized grading system exists to quantify MAC severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define criteria for "exuberant mitral annular calcification" (EMAC), representing the extreme end of the MAC severity spectrum.
  • To emphasize the clinical significance of identifying severe MAC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patients with EMAC at Mayo Clinic Rochester (January 1996 - December 2014).

Main Results:

  • This study establishes the first criteria for defining "exuberant mitral annular calcification".

Conclusions:

  • Defining criteria for EMAC is crucial for understanding and managing the most severe cases of mitral annular calcification.