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Related Concept Videos

Bridge rectifier01:24

Bridge rectifier

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The bridge rectifier is essential in electronics for efficiently converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). Comprised of four diodes configured in a bridge layout, this rectifier effectively processes both the positive and negative halves of the AC waveform, making it superior to half-wave and full-wave center-tapped rectifiers in terms of voltage regulation and output stability.
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Three-Winding Transformers01:19

Three-Winding Transformers

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Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...
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Transformers01:26

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A device that transforms voltages from one value to another using induction is called a transformer. A transformer consists of two separate coils, or windings, wrapped around the same soft iron core. However, they are electrically insulated from each other.
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Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers01:28

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The practical equivalent circuits of single-phase two-winding transformers exhibit significant deviations from their idealized versions due to the inherent properties of winding resistance and finite core permeability. These properties result in real and reactive power losses, affecting the transformer's performance. Understanding these deviations is crucial for designing more efficient transformers.
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Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios01:25

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In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
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The Ideal Transformer01:26

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In single-phase two-winding transformers, two windings are coiled around a magnetic core characterized by cross-sectional area A and magnetic permeability μ. A phasor current i1 enters the left winding while i2 exits the right winding, establishing the fundamental working of the transformer through electromagnetic principles.
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An Easy-To-Use Combination Four-Terminal-Pair/Two-Terminal-Pair AC Transformer Bridge.

A Jeffery1, J Q Shields1, L H Lee1

  • 1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|December 24, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new four-terminal-pair bridge was developed for precise measurements. This improved design simplifies comparisons of capacitance, resistance, and inductance standards with high accuracy.

Keywords:
ac bridgefour-terminal-pair bridgefour-terminal-pair measurementsprecision impedance measurementstwo-terminal-pair bridge

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Metrology
  • Precision Measurement Instrumentation

Background:

  • Traditional four-terminal-pair bridges can be complex to operate.
  • Existing bridge designs may require extensive auxiliary components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel four-terminal-pair bridge with enhanced usability.
  • To achieve high precision in electrical standard comparisons.

Main Methods:

  • Conversion of an existing two-terminal-pair bridge.
  • Addition of easily removable components for four-terminal-pair functionality.
  • Design and rigorous testing of the modified bridge.

Main Results:

  • Successful construction of a four-terminal-pair bridge.
  • Achieved a relative standard uncertainty of 1×10-9.
  • Demonstrated ease of use compared to previous NIST designs.

Conclusions:

  • The new four-terminal-pair bridge offers a simpler and more accurate solution for metrology.
  • This versatile bridge facilitates comparisons of capacitance, resistance, and inductance standards.
  • The design allows for easy reversion to two-terminal-pair measurements.