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Insights into Adenovirus Uncoating from Interactions with Integrins and Mediators of Host Immunity

Glen R Nemerow1, Phoebe L Stewart2

  • 1Department of Immunology and Microbial Science the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. gnemerow@scripps.edu.

Viruses
|December 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Human adenoviruses cause infections but are crucial research tools. This review details how adenoviruses disassemble and enter the cell nucleus by interacting with host molecules.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human adenoviruses are large, nonenveloped double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses responsible for various human infections.
  • Despite their pathogenic potential, adenoviruses are valuable in basic and clinical research, particularly for studying host-pathogen interactions and antiviral responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on adenovirus disassembly and nuclear transport mechanisms.
  • To highlight the role of structural, biophysical, and functional analyses in understanding these processes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of structural, biophysical, and functional studies.
  • Analysis of adenovirus interactions with soluble and membrane-associated host molecules.

Main Results:

  • Detailed insights into the mechanisms of adenovirus disassembly.
  • Elucidation of the pathways for adenovirus nuclear transport.
  • Understanding of specific host-virus interactions governing these processes.

Conclusions:

  • Adenovirus disassembly and nuclear entry are complex processes mediated by interactions with host cell factors.
  • Structural and biophysical approaches provide critical information for understanding viral infection and host defense.
Keywords:
AFMadenovirusadenovirus receptorsantibodycapsid disassemblycryoelectron microscopycysteine proteasedefensinsdyneinhexonintegrinsmicrotubulesneutralizationnuclear porenuclear porinspenton baseprotein VIts1

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