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General Transcription Factors

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

Transcription Factors

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

Regulation of Metabolism

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

Transcription Factor EB Controls Metabolic Flexibility during Exercise.

Gelsomina Mansueto¹, Andrea Armani², Carlo Viscomi³

¹Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.

Cell Metabolism

|December 25, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transcription factor EB (TFEB) enhances muscle metabolic flexibility during exercise by regulating glucose uptake and mitochondrial function, independent of PGC1α. This improves ATP production and exercise capacity, highlighting TFEB

Keywords:

PGC1alpha TFEB autophagy diabetes exercise glucose insulin metabolic flexibility mitochondria mitochondrial fusion

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Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice

Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice

Published on: May 16, 2021

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Metabolism
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is crucial for lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy.
Its role in skeletal muscle physiology, particularly during exercise, remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the physiological function of TFEB in skeletal muscle.
To determine TFEB's role in metabolic flexibility and exercise adaptation.

Main Methods:

Muscle-specific gain- and loss-of-function mouse models were utilized.
Analysis included TFEB nuclear translocation, gene expression, glucose uptake, and glycogen content measurements.

Main Results:

TFEB translocates to myonuclei during physical activity.
TFEB regulates glucose uptake and glycogen content independently of PGC1α.
TFEB upregulates genes for mitochondrial biogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation.

Conclusions:

TFEB is a key regulator of skeletal muscle metabolic flexibility during exercise.
TFEB optimizes mitochondrial function, enhancing ATP production and exercise capacity.
TFEB mediates beneficial metabolic effects of exercise in skeletal muscle.