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Pawel Pieranski1, Simon Čopar2, Maria Helena Godinho3

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Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit complex textures like the dowser state.
  • Hedgehog point defects are topological structures within these textures.
  • Controlling defect behavior is key to understanding liquid crystal elasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an easy method for generating hedgehog defects in the dowser state.
  • To investigate the dynamic evolution of hedgehogs under external fields.
  • To explore the potential of hedgehog dynamics as a probe for elastic constants.

Main Methods:

  • Confining nematic layers between homeotropic anchoring surfaces.
  • Inducing the quasi-planar dowser texture.
  • Applying rotating magnetic fields to manipulate hedgehog defects.
  • Utilizing Poiseuille flow for pair generation.

Main Results:

  • Hedgehog defects are readily generated in the dowser state.
  • The dowser texture is stable despite higher energy.
  • Continuous transitions between radial, hyperbolic, and circular hedgehogs were observed.
  • Hedgehog dynamics provide a method to probe elastic constants, including K24.

Conclusions:

  • The dowser state and its hedgehog defects are stable and controllable.
  • Magnetic fields and flow offer versatile methods for defect manipulation.
  • Hedgehog defect dynamics serve as a sensitive probe for liquid crystal elastic properties.