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Prestructural cartilage assessment using MRI.

Thomas M Link1, Jan Neumann1, Xiaojuan Li1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|December 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative MRI techniques can assess early cartilage matrix quality, enabling timely intervention to halt irreversible cartilage loss. This review explores advanced imaging biomarkers for disease monitoring and therapy evaluation.

Keywords:
T1rhoT2 mappingcartilagedGEMRICquantitative MRIsodium MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cartilage loss is irreversible, with no current pharmacotherapies for protection or regeneration.
  • Early detection of cartilage matrix changes is crucial for potentially reversible interventions.
  • Quantitative MRI offers a non-invasive method to assess cartilage quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review quantitative MRI techniques for cartilage assessment.
  • To evaluate their suitability as imaging biomarkers (validity, reproducibility, risk prediction, therapy monitoring).
  • To highlight clinical applications of these advanced imaging technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current quantitative MRI techniques including T2 mapping, T2*, T1ρ, dGEMRIC, sodium imaging, and gagCEST.
  • Focus on techniques applicable in clinical settings.
  • Assessment of biomarker suitability based on validity, reproducibility, and predictive capabilities.

Main Results:

  • T2 and T1ρ mapping provide the most extensive data for cartilage assessment.
  • Delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is used in clinical studies but requires contrast agents.
  • Sodium imaging and glycosaminoglycan chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST) show promise but require high-field MRI and advanced systems.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative MRI techniques are vital for characterizing early cartilage matrix quality.
  • These techniques serve as potential imaging biomarkers for disease progression and therapeutic response.
  • Further development and validation are needed for advanced techniques like sodium imaging and gagCEST.