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Next generation ultrasound platforms for theranostics.

Letizia Oddo1, Barbara Cerroni1, Fabio Domenici2

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Polymeric microbubbles offer a stable alternative to lipid-based ones for advanced medical imaging and targeted therapy. These novel microbubbles enhance diagnostic ultrasound and enable multimodal theranostics.

Keywords:
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)Contrast agentCyclodextrinsDrug deliveryIndocyanine green (ICG)MicrobubblesSpecific targetingSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)Surface conjugation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Microbubbles are established ultrasound contrast agents.
  • Current research aims to expand microbubble applications to molecular imaging and targeted therapy.
  • Lipid microbubble instability in circulation hinders targeted delivery and therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate polymeric microbubbles with poly (vinyl alcohol) shells as a stable alternative to lipid microbubbles.
  • To develop a multifunctional microbubble platform for diagnosis and therapy.
  • To enhance bioadhesion and stability under physiological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of poly (vinyl alcohol) shell microbubbles.
  • Surface modification with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI.
  • Coupling of indocyanine green for fluorescence imaging.
  • Anchoring of cyclic arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide for targeting.
  • Incorporation of cyclodextrin molecules for drug loading.
  • Atomic force microscopy for shell topography analysis.

Main Results:

  • Polymeric microbubbles demonstrate high echogenicity.
  • Successful surface functionalization for multimodal imaging (MRI, fluorescence).
  • Targeting capability achieved via RGD peptide.
  • Drug loading potential established with cyclodextrin.
  • Enhanced stability compared to lipid-based microbubbles.

Conclusions:

  • Poly (vinyl alcohol) microbubbles present a promising, stable alternative to lipid microbubbles.
  • The developed microbubbles offer a versatile platform for multimodal theranostics.
  • This approach facilitates targeted drug delivery and advanced imaging for enhanced diagnostics and therapeutics.