Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

12.3K
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
12.3K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

4.3K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
4.3K
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

16.3K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
16.3K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

57.9K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
57.9K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

10.0K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
10.0K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

61.1K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
61.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

tRNA-m1A Modification Safeguards Fetal Liver HSPCs from DNA Damage via Maintaining Iron Homeostasis.

Blood·2026
Same author

Quantitative analysis of small RNA pseudouridylation reveals interplay of PUS enzymes in tRNA anticodon stem-loop.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Single-strand deaminase-assisted editing for functional RNA manipulation.

Nature biotechnology·2026
Same author

CRISPR-free RNA base editing mediated PTC-readthrough restores hearing in mice with Otof nonsense mutation.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Pt-seq unveils the genomic binding pattern of platinum-based drugs.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Advancing DNA and RNA Modification Detection via Nanopore Sequencing.

ACS nano·2025
Same journal

Efficient evidence-based genome annotation with EviAnn.

Nature methods·2026
Same journal

ClairS: a deep-learning method for long-read tumor-normal pair somatic small variant calling.

Nature methods·2026
Same journal

RNAbpFlow: base pair-augmented SE(3) flow matching for conditional RNA 3D structure generation.

Nature methods·2026
Same journal

Spatio-DARLIN enables robust and efficient in situ lineage tracing in mice at single-cell resolution.

Nature methods·2026
Same journal

EasyGrid: a versatile platform for automated cryo-EM sample preparation and quality control.

Nature methods·2026
Same journal

Cloud-based microscope enables live neuroimaging for 24 h and beyond with worldwide access.

Nature methods·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 9, 2026

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications
05:41

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications

Published on: July 10, 2020

2.4K

Epitranscriptome sequencing technologies: decoding RNA modifications.

Xiaoyu Li1, Xushen Xiong1,2, Chengqi Yi1,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Nature Methods
|December 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epitranscriptomics studies dynamic RNA modifications like N6-methyladenosine using sequencing technologies. This review guides the selection of profiling methods for RNA biology research.

More Related Videos

Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis
08:50

Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis

Published on: May 14, 2020

7.4K
Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 9, 2026

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications
05:41

2D-HELS MS Seq: A General LC-MS-Based Method for Direct and de novo Sequencing of RNA Mixtures with Different Nucleotide Modifications

Published on: July 10, 2020

2.4K
Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis
08:50

Methylated RNA Immunoprecipitation Assay to Study m5C Modification in Arabidopsis

Published on: May 14, 2020

7.4K
Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The field of epitranscriptomics has rapidly advanced, focusing on RNA modifications that regulate gene expression.
  • Understanding these dynamic RNA marks is crucial for deciphering gene regulation.
  • Sequencing technologies are fundamental to mapping and analyzing RNA modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review major mRNA modifications in eukaryotic cells, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N6, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m62A), 5-methylcytidine (m5C), 5-hydroxylmethylcytidine (hm5C), inosine (I), pseudouridine (Ψ), and N1-methyladenosine (m1A).
  • To discuss various sequencing technologies for profiling these epitranscriptomic marks, evaluating their scale, resolution, quantitative accuracy, and enrichment capabilities.
  • To highlight the challenges in epitranscriptome profiling and explore future directions for detection tools.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on epitranscriptomic sequencing technologies.
  • Comparative analysis of sequencing platforms based on key performance metrics (scale, resolution, quantification, enrichment).
  • Discussion of associated bioinformatics tools for data analysis.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of major mRNA modifications and their significance.
  • Comprehensive comparison of sequencing technologies for epitranscriptome profiling.
  • Identification of current limitations and future prospects in RNA modification detection.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of sequencing technology significantly impacts the ability to profile RNA modifications.
  • Advancements in detection tools are essential for deeper insights into RNA biology.
  • This review provides guidance for selecting appropriate methods and inspires future research in epitranscriptomics.