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Macular hemorrhages associated with neonatal polycythemia and thrombocytopenia: A case report
Background:
Thrombocytopenia occurs in 51% of neonates with polycythemia and is independently associated with growth restriction. Increased hematocrit is associated with decreased platelet count. The possibility of a hemorrhage should be noted.
Case Description:
A Chinese male newborn presented with elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. The platelet count decreased to 10×109/L during the 1st week after birth and remained abnormal at day 12. Vitreous turbidity of the right eye was detected 2 days later and was suspected of stemming from endophthalmitis or ocular inflammation. Two weeks later, vitreous turbidity decreased and a macular hemorrhage became visible. Optical coherence tomography confirmed the diagnosis of a retinal hemorrhage.
Conclusion:
Thrombocytopenia associated with polycythemia can induce a vitreous hemorrhage, which may be confused with ocular infection or inflammation.
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