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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Arteries of Lower Limbs01:20

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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Arterial pathologies in athletes.

George Peach1, Sidhartha Sinha2, Robert J Hinchliffe3

  • 1King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK - robert.hinchliffe@bristol.ac.uk.

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Summary

Diagnosing arterial pathologies in athletes is challenging due to vague symptoms, often delaying treatment and impacting athletes

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Area of Science:

  • Sports medicine
  • Vascular surgery
  • Athletic training

Background:

  • Arterial pathologies in athletes present diagnostic challenges with nonspecific symptoms and unremarkable standard examinations.
  • Delayed diagnosis significantly impacts athletes' exercise capacity and quality of life.
  • These conditions are rare in the general population, necessitating specialized awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in identifying and treating arterial pathologies in athletes.
  • To emphasize the need for specialist referral for early diagnosis and management.
  • To address the paucity of evidence and reliance on expert consensus for treatment recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical expertise regarding arterial pathologies in athletes.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and treatment delays experienced by sportspeople.
  • Discussion on the current evidence base and the role of expert consensus.

Main Results:

  • Nonspecific symptoms and unremarkable physical examinations often lead to delayed diagnosis of arterial pathologies in athletes.
  • Lack of robust evidence necessitates treatment recommendations based on expert consensus.
  • Specialist referral is crucial for timely and appropriate management.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification and specialist management are vital for athletes with arterial pathologies.
  • Increased use of international registries is recommended to build evidence and inform future guidelines.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal treatment strategies for these rare conditions.