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Magnetic Tweezers for the Measurement of Twist and Torque
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Measuring Low Frequency Tilts.

M L Kohl1, J Levine2

  • 1Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|January 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a highly sensitive borehole tiltmeter, achieving nanoradian precision for geophysical measurements. Field tests confirm its stability and reliability for detecting subtle ground movements.

Keywords:
borehole tiltmeterpendulumtilt tides

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Earth Science

Background:

  • Precise measurement of ground tilt is crucial for understanding tectonic processes and seismic activity.
  • Existing tiltmeter technology faces challenges with sensitivity, environmental interference, and long-term stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel borehole tiltmeter with high sensitivity and stability.
  • To evaluate the instrument's performance in field conditions using tidal data.
  • To investigate the influence of borehole depth on measurement accuracy and surface effects.

Main Methods:

  • Design and construction of a borehole tiltmeter utilizing two orthogonal horizontal pendulums.
  • Characterization of instrument sensitivity, temperature coefficient, linearity, and long-term stability.
  • Field deployment in Southern California boreholes and analysis of tidal data.
  • Testing of various coupling capsules and development of a method for local perturbation estimation.

Main Results:

  • The borehole tiltmeter achieves nanoradian sensitivity with a 1-second free period pendulum.
  • Instrument exhibits low barometric pressure sensitivity and a temperature coefficient below 30 nrad/°C.
  • Demonstrated long-term stability better than 1 μrad/yr and linear response within 1%.
  • Field data confirmed instrument reliability, with measurements from 24m deep boreholes showing independence from surface effects.

Conclusions:

  • The developed borehole tiltmeter offers a significant advancement in high-precision ground tilt measurement.
  • The instrument is suitable for long-term geophysical monitoring, including tidal analysis and tectonic studies.
  • Borehole installations at sufficient depth effectively mitigate surface-induced environmental noise.