Diagnostic challenges in cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis: A review

Area of Science:

• Medicine
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Tuberculosis (TB) incidence is rising globally, posing a significant public health challenge.
• Lymph node tuberculosis, particularly cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis, is a frequent extrapulmonary manifestation.
• Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis presents as chronic, painless cervical lymphadenopathy, often mimicking other conditions.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current knowledge on cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis.
• Epidemiological data on the rising incidence of tuberculosis are discussed.
• Clinical manifestations and diagnostic modalities for tuberculous lymphadenitis are examined.

Key Points:

• A high index of suspicion is crucial for diagnosing cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis.
• The condition can mimic various other pathological conditions, complicating diagnosis.
• Understanding its epidemiology and clinical presentation aids in timely identification.

Conclusions:

• Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis remains a significant diagnostic consideration for chronic cervical lymphadenopathy.
• Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective tuberculosis management.
• Further research into diagnostic techniques may improve patient outcomes.