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Individual Differences in Moral Development: Does Intelligence Really Affect Children's Moral Reasoning and Moral

Hanna M Beißert1, Marcus Hasselhorn1

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PubMed
Summary

Intelligence and children's moral development are not significantly correlated in middle childhood. This study found no link between general intelligence and moral status in children aged 6-8, challenging previous findings in older age groups.

Keywords:
cognitive developmentintelligencemoral developmentmoral emotionsmoral reasoning

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Moral Psychology

Background:

  • Prior research indicates a relationship between intelligence and morality in adolescents and adults.
  • Existing studies often overlook the developmental aspects of this relationship in younger children.
  • A comprehensive understanding of moral development requires considering emotional and daily-life contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between general intelligence and moral development in middle childhood.
  • To determine if findings from older populations extend to children aged 6 to 8 years.
  • To address limitations in previous research by using a broad definition of moral development and child-centered methods.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (N=129) aged 6 years 4 months to 8 years 10 months were assessed.
  • A standardized intelligence test measuring figural inductive reasoning was administered.
  • Children's moral development was evaluated using four moral transgression stories relevant to their daily lives, including emotional components.

Main Results:

  • No significant correlations were found between children's general intelligence and their moral development across the four transgression scenarios.
  • The findings indicate that moral developmental status in middle childhood appears independent of general intelligence.
  • Results contradict previous research suggesting a link between intelligence and morality in older age groups.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between intelligence and moral development observed in adolescents and adults does not appear to apply to middle childhood.
  • General intelligence, as measured by figural inductive reasoning, is not significantly associated with moral development in young children.
  • This study provides initial evidence for the independence of moral development and general intelligence during middle childhood.