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Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

2.5K
The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
2.5K

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A Protocol for Bioinspired Design: A Ground Sampler Based on Sea Urchin Jaws
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Developing a biomimetic tooth bud model.

Elizabeth E Smith1, Weibo Zhang2, Nathan R Schiele3

  • 1Department of Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|January 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers bioengineered functional, vascularized dental tissues using porcine progenitor cells within gelatin methacrylate hydrogels. This novel biomimetic tooth bud model offers a promising alternative to dental implants for regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
biodegradable hydrogelbiomineralizationcell differentiationcell encapsulationprogenitor cellvascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Engineering

Background:

  • Current dental implants have limitations.
  • Bioengineering living teeth is a long-term goal for regenerative dentistry.
  • Natural tooth development provides a blueprint for bioengineered teeth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biomimetic tooth bud model using hydrogels and progenitor cells.
  • To optimize hydrogel formulations for dental cell attachment, spreading, metabolic activity, and vascularization.
  • To demonstrate the formation of mineralized dental tissues of predictable size and shape.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel constructs.
  • Encapsulation of post-natal porcine dental epithelial (pDE) and dental mesenchymal (pDM) progenitor cells with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  • In vivo analysis of cell-laden hydrogel constructs to assess tissue formation and vascularization.

Main Results:

  • GelMA hydrogels supported dental progenitor cell attachment, spreading, and metabolic activity.
  • Co-culturing with HUVECs promoted neo-vasculature formation.
  • Specific GelMA concentrations (3% for pDE-HUVECs, 5% for pDM-HUVECs) supported mineralized dental tissue formation in vivo.
  • The study achieved formation of vascularized mineralized dental tissues of specified size and shape.

Conclusions:

  • GelMA hydrogels can successfully support the development of bioengineered dental tissues.
  • This study presents a novel 3D biomimetic tooth bud model.
  • The findings pave the way for bioengineered tooth replacement in humans.