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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications
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pH-sensitive peptide hydrogel for glucose-responsive insulin delivery.

Xue Li1, Mian Fu1, Jun Wu2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.

Acta Biomaterialia
|January 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A novel pH-sensitive peptide hydrogel delivers insulin in a glucose-responsive manner. This biocompatible system self-assembles and releases insulin based on blood glucose levels, effectively regulating blood sugar in vitro and in vivo.

Keywords:
DiabetesGlucose-responsiveInsulin-deliverySelf-assembly peptide hydrogels

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Peptide Chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern requiring effective insulin delivery.
  • Current insulin delivery methods lack self-regulation and can lead to complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, biocompatible, glucose-responsive insulin delivery system.
  • To utilize a pH-sensitive peptide hydrogel for self-regulated insulin release.

Main Methods:

  • Self-assembly of a pH-sensitive peptide into a hydrogel carrier.
  • Loading the hydrogel with glucose oxidase, catalase, and insulin.
  • Characterization of hydrogel properties (structure, conformation, rheology, morphology, acid-sensitivity).
  • In vitro and in vivo assessment of glucose-responsive insulin release and blood glucose regulation.

Main Results:

  • Successful development and characterization of a novel pH-responsive peptide hydrogel.
  • Demonstrated glucose-responsive insulin release triggered by pH changes due to enzymatic glucose conversion.
  • Effective regulation of blood glucose levels in vitro and in STZ-induced diabetic mouse models.

Conclusions:

  • The developed peptide hydrogel system offers a promising approach for self-regulated insulin delivery.
  • This smart hydrogel platform exhibits significant novelty and potential in biomaterials and drug delivery.
  • The system effectively manages blood glucose levels, addressing a critical need in diabetes treatment.