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Serum Amyloid A Level in Egyptian Children with Familial Mediterranean Fever

Hala M Lofty1, Huda Marzouk1, Yomna Farag1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

International Journal of Rheumatology
|January 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Serum amyloid A (SAA) levels remain elevated in most Egyptian children with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) even after attacks. This suggests ongoing subclinical inflammation, making SAA a potential marker for monitoring FMF activity.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase reactant associated with inflammatory conditions like familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).
  • Elevated SAA levels may correlate with an increased risk of developing amyloidosis.
  • Understanding SAA levels in pediatric FMF is crucial for monitoring disease activity and potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in Egyptian children diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).
  • To investigate potential correlations between SAA levels and demographic factors or clinical manifestations in pediatric FMF patients.
  • To explore the relationship between SAA levels and specific genetic variants or colchicine adherence in FMF.

Main Methods:

  • The study included seventy-one Egyptian children diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).
  • Serum amyloid A (SAA) levels were measured in all participants.
  • Demographic data, clinical manifestations, genetic variants (V726A, M694V), and colchicine adherence were assessed.

Main Results:

  • A high SAA level was observed in 78.9% of the studied pediatric FMF patients, with a mean level of 81.62 ± 31.6 mg/L.
  • No significant correlation was found between SAA levels and demographic data or clinical symptoms.
  • Elevated SAA levels were more frequent in patients with the V726A allele and those with low adherence to colchicine therapy.

Conclusions:

  • High serum amyloid A (SAA) levels are prevalent in Egyptian children with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), persisting even two weeks post-attack.
  • This suggests the presence of subclinical inflammation during attack-free periods in pediatric FMF.
  • SAA may serve as a valuable biomarker for detecting and monitoring ongoing inflammation in FMF patients, particularly in the pediatric population.

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