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Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
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The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
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The MOSFET, when operating in its active region, functions as a voltage-controlled current source. In this region, the gate-to-source voltage controls the drain current. This principle underlies the operation of the transconductance MOSFET amplifier. The output current is directed through a load resistor to convert this amplifier into a voltage amplifier. The output voltage is then obtained by subtracting the voltage drop across the load resistance from the supply voltage. This process results...
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Cholinergic Receptors: Muscarinic01:25

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The pharmacological actions of acetylcholine are elicited via its binding to two families of cholinergic receptors or cholinoceptors, namely, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. Muscarinic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors and have five subtypes, M1–M5. All mAChR subtypes are activated by acetylcholine and blocked by the antagonist, atropine. 
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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
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Updated: Mar 9, 2026

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After Muskoka.

G Landrivon1, S Aboubaker1, T Nkurunziza2

  • 1Département de la Santé des mères, des nouveau-nés, des enfants et des adolescents, Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 20 av Appia, CH-1211 Genève 27, Suisse.

Medecine Et Sante Tropicales
|January 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Significant strides have been made in reducing maternal and infant mortality. However, global health initiatives like the Muskoka program continue to address remaining challenges for women, children, and adolescents.

Keywords:
Millennium Development GoalsMuskokaSustainable Development Goalsaid coordinationand infant mortalitymaternalneonatal

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Maternal and Child Health
  • Sustainable Development

Background:

  • Substantial progress in reducing maternal, neonatal, and infant mortality has been achieved.
  • The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) spurred numerous initiatives, including the Muskoka program, to improve global health outcomes.
  • Despite progress, the work to meet these goals is ongoing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the ongoing efforts in maternal, neonatal, and infant mortality reduction.
  • To contextualize the role of initiatives like the Muskoka program within broader global health frameworks.
  • To emphasize the continuation of global health strategies beyond the MDGs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global health initiatives and progress reports.
  • Review of international strategies for women's, children's, and adolescent health.
  • Examination of the framework provided by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Main Results:

  • Continued reduction in maternal, neonatal, and infant mortality rates globally.
  • The establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the International Strategy for Women's, Children's, and Adolescent Health (2016-2030) provide a unified framework.
  • The Muskoka program is set to continue its work beyond its initial cycle.

Conclusions:

  • Global health efforts require sustained commitment and a comprehensive framework.
  • The SDGs and related strategies offer a robust structure for continued action in women's, children's, and adolescent health.
  • Initiatives like the Muskoka program play a vital role in achieving global health targets.