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The Road to Bribery and Corruption.

Nils C Köbis1, Jan-Willem van Prooijen1, Francesca Righetti1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrary to the slippery-slope theory, severe corruption often emerges abruptly rather than gradually. Experimental evidence suggests direct opportunities for major corruption, not prior minor corrupt acts, increase its likelihood.

Keywords:
briberycorruptionopen dataopen materialsslippery slopesteep cliffunethical behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Societal functioning is threatened by major corruption.
  • The slippery-slope metaphor, suggesting gradual escalation, is the common explanation for severe corruption.
  • Empirical testing of the slippery-slope theory in corruption is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically test whether severe corruption emerges gradually or abruptly.
  • To investigate the validity of the slippery-slope metaphor in the context of corruption.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a recently developed experimental paradigm.
  • Conducted four experimental studies.
  • Compared likelihood of severe corruption in abrupt versus gradual opportunity conditions, keeping payoffs constant.

Main Results:

  • Participants were more likely to engage in severe corruption when given a direct opportunity (abrupt).
  • Prior engagement in minor corruption (gradual) did not increase the likelihood of severe corruption.
  • Differences in corruption likelihood were not explained by payoff size or action evaluations.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the widely accepted slippery-slope metaphor for corruption.
  • Severe corruption may occur abruptly, akin to falling off a "steep cliff," rather than through gradual escalation.
  • Understanding the pathways to corruption requires moving beyond the slippery-slope assumption.