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Steroid-induced glaucoma in the pediatric population

Brenda Nuyen1, Robert N Weinreb2, Shira L Robbins1

  • 1Ratner Children's Eye Center at the Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.

Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
|January 15, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Steroid medications can increase eye pressure, potentially damaging the optic nerve. This risk is particularly severe in children, necessitating careful monitoring and management of steroid-induced glaucoma.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Steroid medications are frequently prescribed for pediatric conditions.
  • Steroid use can lead to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).
  • Elevated IOP may cause irreversible optic nerve damage, leading to glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of steroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma in children.
  • To identify risk factors associated with steroid administration routes.
  • To outline clinical evaluation and management strategies for pediatric steroid responders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on steroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma in pediatric populations.
  • Analysis of the impact of various steroid administration routes on IOP.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines for diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

  • Steroid therapy, regardless of administration route, can induce elevated IOP in children.
  • Children may experience more severe consequences of elevated IOP and glaucomatous damage compared to adults.
  • Specific risk factors and patterns of IOP elevation vary by steroid type and route.

Conclusions:

  • Steroid-induced glaucoma is a significant concern in pediatric patients.
  • Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to prevent vision loss.
  • Understanding risk factors and administration routes aids in mitigating potential harm.

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