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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

60.9K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
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Activity-dependent development of visual receptive fields.

Andrew Thompson1, Alexandra Gribizis2, Chinfei Chen1

  • 1Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|January 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuronal activity shapes brain representations, particularly refining visual system circuits. This review highlights recent discoveries on how neural activity refines receptive fields in mammals.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual System Development
  • Neural Circuitry

Background:

  • Neuronal activity is crucial for developing brain representations of the external world.
  • In the visual system, activity and molecular cues establish macroscopic visual map organization (retinotopic and eye-specific).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent breakthroughs in understanding the role of neuronal activity in fine-scale circuit refinement.
  • Focus on how activity shapes receptive fields of individual cells in the visual system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Primarily focuses on studies in mice, with examples from other mammals.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in elucidating the role of activity in circuit refinement.
  • Activity drives the shaping of receptive fields at a cellular level.

Conclusions:

  • Neuronal activity plays a critical role in both macroscopic visual map organization and fine-scale receptive field refinement.
  • Ongoing research continues to uncover the mechanisms by which neural activity shapes visual processing circuits.