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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Age-associated changes in human hematopoietic stem cells.

Wendy W Pang1, Stanley L Schrier2, Irving L Weissman3

  • 1Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Ludwig Center for Stem Cell Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.

Seminars in Hematology
|January 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), reducing their self-renewal and increasing myeloid bias. This clonal shift elevates the risk of age-associated blood cancers.

Keywords:
Aging Clonal selectionHematopoietic stem cellMyeloid bias

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Gerontology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Aging significantly alters human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function.
  • HSCs are crucial for blood cell production and maintaining immune function throughout life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of aging on human hematopoietic stem cells.
  • To highlight age-related changes in HSC self-renewal, differentiation, and disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on aging and human HSCs.
  • Analysis of age-associated changes in HSC number, function, and clonal dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Human HSCs increase in number but show decreased self-renewal and transplantation potential with age.
  • HSCs become more myeloid-biased due to clonal expansion, potentially carrying disease-causing mutations.
  • The aging bone marrow microenvironment may contribute to the selection of these aged HSC clones.

Conclusions:

  • Aging promotes clonal hematopoiesis in human HSCs, increasing susceptibility to age-related blood disorders.
  • Further research on human HSC aging is needed to validate findings from mouse models and inform clinical applications.