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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Neurocognitive function in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Daniel A Geller1, Amitai Abramovitch1,2, Andrew Mittelman1

  • 1a Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
|January 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Youths with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show slower processing speed and perform worse on timed visuospatial and working memory tasks. However, their overall cognitive performance remains within the normative range.

Keywords:
Neuropsychological testschildrencomorbidityexecutive functionsprocessing speed

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Background:

  • Research on cognitive impairments in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is inconsistent.
  • Previous meta-analyses suggest minimal cognitive deficits, highlighting the need for further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine neuropsychological performance in a large sample of children and adolescents with OCD.
  • To identify potential moderators of cognitive performance in pediatric OCD.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment was administered to 102 youths with OCD and 161 matched controls.
  • Evaluated domains included processing speed, visuospatial abilities (VSA), working memory (WM), non-verbal memory (NVM), and executive functions (EF).
  • Comorbidities were screened and participants were blindly evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Youths with OCD demonstrated slower processing speed compared to controls.
  • Underperformance in VSA and WM was observed exclusively on timed tasks.
  • No significant differences were found in NVM and EF tasks between groups.
  • Standardized scores for the OCD group fell within the normative range.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric OCD is associated with slower processing speed and deficits in timed VSA and WM tasks.
  • Despite normative overall scores, relative cognitive weaknesses in these areas may be clinically significant.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering specific cognitive profiles in clinical and educational settings for youths with OCD.