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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping

Neuroimaging-Guided TMS–EEG for Real-Time Cortical Network Mapping

Published on: June 13, 2025

Tracking Dynamic Interactions Between Structural and Functional Connectivity: A TMS/EEG-dMRI Study.

Enrico Amico^1,2, Olivier Bodart¹, Mario Rosanova³

¹1 Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center & GIGA Research Center, University and University Hospital of Liège , Liège, Belgium .

Brain Connectivity

|January 18, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study links brain structure and function using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and neuroimaging. It reveals how brain connectivity changes after TMS, highlighting the role of brain oscillations in information processing.

Keywords:

DTI TMS/EEG brain-directed functional connectivity directed functional connectivity structural connectivity structure–function

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Imaging

Background:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with neuroimaging, like high-density electroencephalography (hd-EEG), measures direct brain perturbation effects.
While TMS/hd-EEG reveals electrophysiological signatures of cortical modules, their neural underpinnings are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between functional and structural features of cortical modules.
To explore how brain connectivity is affected by direct brain stimulation.

Main Methods:

Multimodal analysis integrating TMS/hd-EEG recordings and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tractography.
Computation of directed functional connectivity from source-reconstructed TMS/hd-EEG data.
Correlation analysis between functional connectivity and structural connectivity matrices across different frequency bands (α, β, γ) and stimulation sites (left precuneus, left premotor).

Main Results:

Specific cortical areas showed frequency-band-specific responses to TMS (β for precuneus, γ for premotor).
A transient decrease in whole-brain functional-structural connectivity correlation was observed post-TMS across all frequencies.
The structure-function correlation significantly increased over time in the premotor area contralateral to TMS.

Conclusions:

Cortical oscillations play a crucial role in information integration and segregation.
Understanding the interplay between functional and structural connectivity is key to deciphering brain mechanisms.
This study provides insights into the dynamic changes in brain network organization following direct stimulation.